Selenium Interview Questions

Intro to Selenium Interview Questions

Selenium is one of the most widely used automation testing tools, and it is crucial for a software tester to have a thorough understanding of Selenium and its various components to excel in their career. In this blog, we will cover some of the most commonly asked Selenium interview questions that can help you prepare for your next interview.

Selenium Interview Questions for Freshers

1. What is Selenium? Selenium is a popular open-source automation testing tool used to test web applications. It provides a suite of tools that can be used to automate web browsers across different platforms and programming languages.
2. What are the Selenium suite components? The Selenium suite consists of four main components: Selenium IDE, Selenium RC, Selenium WebDriver, and Selenium Grid.
3. What are the advantages of using Selenium as an automation tool? Some of the major advantages of using Selenium as an automation tool include its open-source nature, cross-platform support, multi-browser compatibility, support for multiple programming languages, and ability to integrate with other tools.
4. What are the disadvantages of using Selenium as a testing tool? Some of the major disadvantages of using Selenium as a testing tool include its inability to test desktop applications, difficulty in testing mobile applications, and lack of in-built reporting features.
5. What is automation testing, and what are its advantages? Automation testing is the process of using software tools to automate manual testing tasks. Some of the major advantages of automation testing include improved accuracy, faster test execution, increased test coverage, and reduced testing costs.
6. Why should Selenium be selected as a testing tool for web applications or systems? Selenium is a popular automation testing tool for web applications due to its ability to automate web browsers, cross-platform support, multi-browser compatibility, and support for multiple programming languages.
7. What is Selenese? Explain different types of Selenium commands. Selenese is a domain-specific language used to write test scripts in Selenium. There are three types of Selenium commands: actions, accessors, and assertions.
8. What is meant by a locator, and name a few different types of locators present in Selenium? A locator is an address that helps Selenium identify a specific web element on a web page. Some of the commonly used locators in Selenium include ID, name, class name, tag name, link text, and partial link text.
9. What is an exception test in Selenium? An exception test in Selenium is used to verify that an exception is thrown when an action is performed on a web element that does not exist or is not visible.
10. What is XPath in Selenium? Explain XPath Absolute and XPath Relative. XPath is a language used to select elements on an XML document or an HTML page. XPath Absolute refers to the complete path from the root element to the target element, while XPath Relative refers to the path from the current node to the target element.
11. In XPath, what is the difference between “/” and “//”? The forward slash (/) is used to select the immediate child of the current node, while the double forward slash (//) is used to select any descendant of the current node.
12. What is the difference between the commands “type” and “typeAndWait” in the context of Selenium? The “type” command is used to enter text into a text box, while the “typeAndWait” command is used to enter text and wait for the page to load before continuing.

13. Differentiate between findElement() and findElements() in the context of Selenium with proper examples.

In Selenium, findElement() is used to locate a single web element on a web page based on the specified locator. It returns the first matching element on the page, or throws a NoSuchElementException if no matching element is found.

On the other hand, findElements() is used to locate multiple web elements on a web page based on the specified locator. It returns a list of all matching elements, or an empty list if no matching elements are found.

Example of findElement():

bashCopy codeWebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id("username"));

Example of findElements():

lessCopy codeList<WebElement> elements = driver.findElements(By.tagName("a"));

14. In Selenium, how will you wait until a web page has been loaded completely?

In Selenium, we use explicit waits to wait until a web page has been loaded completely. This is done using the WebDriverWait class, which allows us to wait for a specific condition to be met before proceeding with the test.

We can use the ExpectedConditions class to specify the condition we want to wait for, such as the presence of a particular element on the page, the visibility of an element, or the title of the page. Here’s an example:

scssCopy codeWebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.titleContains("Page Title"));

This code waits for the page title to contain the string “Page Title” for a maximum of 10 seconds before proceeding with the test.

15. What is Selenium WebDriver?

Selenium WebDriver is a web-based automation tool that allows us to automate the testing of web applications. It provides a programming interface for interacting with web elements, such as clicking buttons, filling out forms, and navigating between pages. Selenium WebDriver is available in multiple programming languages, including Java, Python, and C#.

16. Is Selenium WebDriver a library?

Yes, Selenium WebDriver is a library that provides a set of classes and methods for interacting with web elements on a web page.

17. Is Selenium WebDriver an interface or a class?

Selenium WebDriver is an interface that defines a set of methods for interacting with web elements. Each implementation of the WebDriver interface provides its own set of classes that implement these methods.

18. What are the different types of WebDriver Application Programming Interfaces in Selenium?

There are several WebDriver Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) available in Selenium, including:

• Java WebDriver API
• Python WebDriver API
• Ruby WebDriver API
• JavaScript WebDriver API
• .NET WebDriver API

19. What programming languages does Selenium WebDriver support?

Selenium WebDriver supports a wide range of programming languages, including Java, Python, C#, Ruby, JavaScript, PHP, and Perl.

20. What open-source frameworks does Selenium WebDriver support?

Selenium WebDriver supports several open-source frameworks for building test automation frameworks, including TestNG, JUnit, and NUnit.

21. What is WebDriver’s super interface?

WebDriver’s super interface is the SearchContext interface. This interface defines a set of methods that are used to search for web elements within a web page.

Selenium is one of the most popular open-source testing frameworks used for automated testing of web applications. As an aspiring Selenium professional, it is important to have a good understanding of the framework and its components. In this blog, we will cover some commonly asked Selenium interview questions, along with their answers, that will help you prepare for your upcoming interview.

22. Explain the following line of code. The given line of code is used to maximize the browser window in Selenium.

javaCopy codedriver.manage().window().maximize();

Here, driver is an instance of the WebDriver interface. manage() is a method that returns an instance of the Options interface. window() is a method that returns an instance of the Window interface. Finally, maximize() is a method that maximizes the browser window.

23. Is it necessary to use Selenium Server to run Selenium WebDriver scripts? No, it is not necessary to use Selenium Server to run Selenium WebDriver scripts. Selenium WebDriver communicates directly with the browser using the browser-specific driver, which can be downloaded and used directly in your code.
24. What will happen if I execute this command? driver.get(“www.interviewbit.com”) ; The get() method is used to navigate to a particular URL. In the given command, the WebDriver will try to navigate to the URL “www.interviewbit.com“. If the URL is valid and the server is up, the webpage will be loaded in the browser.
25. What is an alternative option to driver.get() method to open a URL in Selenium WebDriver? The navigate() method provides an alternative option to the get() method in Selenium WebDriver. The navigate() method allows you to navigate to a URL using the browser’s navigation buttons. The navigate() method provides the following methods:

• to(String url): loads the specified URL
• back(): navigates to the previous page
• forward(): navigates to the next page
• refresh(): refreshes the current page

26. What is the difference between driver.get() and driver.navigate.to(“url”)? The get() method is used to load a new webpage in the current browser window, while the navigate.to() method is used to navigate to a new URL using the browser’s navigation buttons. The navigate.to() method allows you to navigate to a new URL without closing the current browser window.
27. What are the differences between the methods driver.close() and driver.quit()? The close() method is used to close the current browser window, while the quit() method is used to quit the entire browser session. The close() method will close only the current window, while the quit() method will close all windows associated with the driver.
28. What are some cases that Selenium WebDriver cannot automate? There are some cases where Selenium WebDriver cannot automate:

• Captcha: Captcha is used to prevent automated scripts from accessing web pages. As Selenium is an automated testing tool, it cannot bypass captcha.
• Image Verification: Image verification is a security mechanism used to prevent automated scripts from accessing certain web pages. As Selenium cannot verify images, it cannot automate this process.
• Audio/Video Playback: Selenium cannot automate the playback of audio or video files.

29. In Selenium WebDriver, what is an Object Repository? An Object Repository is a central location where you can store all the objects that your tests interact with. An Object Repository stores the details of these objects, such as their location and type, which can be accessed by your tests. This helps to keep your tests organized and maintainable, as you can easily update the details of these objects in one place.

In conclusion, Selenium is a powerful and widely used automation tool for testing web applications. It provides various features and functionalities to create efficient and effective automation test scripts. In this article, we have covered a wide range of Selenium interview questions, including basic and advanced concepts. By answering these questions, you can get a better understanding of Selenium and its implementation. It is important to note that the questions and answers provided in this article are not exhaustive, and you may encounter different scenarios during your actual interview. However, going through these questions can help you prepare better and feel more confident during your interview. With this knowledge and preparation, you can ace your Selenium interview and take your automation testing skills to the next level.

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